Plenary: New dimensions of Microcystis diversity: the phycosphere
Start Date
26-5-2022 8:30 AM
End Date
26-5-2022 9:15 AM
Abstract
Interactions between bacteria and phytoplankton shape biological processes from cellular to ecosystem scales, including the development of harmful algal blooms. However, the nature of bacterial interactions with toxic cyanobacteria, and their influence on toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms, remains unclear. Microcystis, which forms blooms and threatens freshwater systems worldwide, provides an interesting case study for bacterial interactions. It is a single-celled organism that forms macroscopic colonies with a diverse bacterial community embedded in mucilage, thus making a well-defined microbiome and phycosphere. Analysis of individual colonies across a time series in Lake Erie shows that Microcystis microbiomes are distinct from whole water communities, lack 'core' taxa found across all colonies, and correlate with sampling date and Microcystis strain. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data suggest metabolic interactions in which bacteria use cyanobacterial products and exudates including organic acids, amino acids, peptides, and cobalamins. In return, they likely regenerate nitrogen for Microcystis. Finally, the heterotrophic bacteria dominate catalase expression in Microcystis blooms, suggesting that they protect Microcystis from oxidative stress, though susceptibility to H2O2 is strain-specific and independent of microcystin production. Overall, these results suggest that intimate mutualistic interactions between Microcystis and its microbiome likely modulate stressors, nutrient availability, and phenotypic diversity of Microcystis.
Plenary: New dimensions of Microcystis diversity: the phycosphere
Interactions between bacteria and phytoplankton shape biological processes from cellular to ecosystem scales, including the development of harmful algal blooms. However, the nature of bacterial interactions with toxic cyanobacteria, and their influence on toxicity of cyanobacterial blooms, remains unclear. Microcystis, which forms blooms and threatens freshwater systems worldwide, provides an interesting case study for bacterial interactions. It is a single-celled organism that forms macroscopic colonies with a diverse bacterial community embedded in mucilage, thus making a well-defined microbiome and phycosphere. Analysis of individual colonies across a time series in Lake Erie shows that Microcystis microbiomes are distinct from whole water communities, lack 'core' taxa found across all colonies, and correlate with sampling date and Microcystis strain. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data suggest metabolic interactions in which bacteria use cyanobacterial products and exudates including organic acids, amino acids, peptides, and cobalamins. In return, they likely regenerate nitrogen for Microcystis. Finally, the heterotrophic bacteria dominate catalase expression in Microcystis blooms, suggesting that they protect Microcystis from oxidative stress, though susceptibility to H2O2 is strain-specific and independent of microcystin production. Overall, these results suggest that intimate mutualistic interactions between Microcystis and its microbiome likely modulate stressors, nutrient availability, and phenotypic diversity of Microcystis.